For me, brightening is a more realistic approach than whitening. It is because any skin tone can reach this state for as long as their skin is healthy since one of the indicators of healthy skin is the skin doesn't look dull.
For whitening, on the other hand, is not that approachable for all skin tones, as the colour is also influenced by genetics and even with the most advanced technologies, it will only be able to reach a brighter state than before rather than until it becomes the opposite without some health risks that I dare to say, not that worth it.
Aside from encouraging anyone to embrace their skin tone, it is also important for them to understand the difference between brightening and whitening and which one is more realistic and approachable and not. This is important so that they won't fall into the marketing trap that gives them false hopes and unrealistic expectations which not only will make them disappointed and always dissatisfied with what they have but also a serious problem in their mental and physical state.